Cutting edge: CD4 is not required for the functional activity of IL-16.

Functional Activity of IL - 16 Cutting Edge : CD 4 Is Not Required for the

Cutting edge: IL-16/CD4 preferentially induces Th1 cell migration: requirement of CCR5.

IL-16 binds to CD4 and induces a migratory response in CD4(+) T cells. Although it has been assumed that CD4 is the sole receptor and that IL-16 induces a comparable migratory response in all CD4(+) T cells, this has not been investigated. In this study, we determined that IL-16 preferentially induces a migratory response in Th1 cells. Because chemokine receptor CCR5 is expressed predominantly ...

An Instantaneous Rigid Force Model For 3-Axis Ball-End Milling Of Sculptured Surfaces

An instantaneous rigid force model for prediction of cutting forces in ball-end milling of  sculptured surfaces is presented in this paper. A commercially available geometric engine is used to represent the cutting edge, cutter and updated part geometries. The cutter used in this work is an insert type ball-end mill. Intersecting an inclined plane with the cutter ball nose generates the cutting...

Cutting edge: STAT1 is required for IL-6-mediated Bcl6 induction for early follicular helper cell differentiation.

Bcl6 is required for CD4 T cell differentiation into T follicular helper cells (Tfh). In this study, we examined the role of IL-6 in early processes of in vivo Tfh differentiation, because the timing and mechanism of action of IL-6 in Tfh differentiation have been controversial in vivo. We found that early Bcl6(+)CXCR5(+) Tfh differentiation was severely impaired in the absence of IL-6; however...

Antiviral Cd4 T Cell Response Il-2 Signaling Is Sustained during Early Cutting Edge: Paracrine, but Not Autocrine